AQI -
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PM2.5
PM10
NO2
SO2
O3
CO
About GRAP
Air pollution in Delhi and its surrounding regions has been a significant concern for decades. To address this pressing issue, authorities introduced the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)—a structured framework designed to combat air quality deterioration. The Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) is a dynamic, situation-specific framework aimed at mitigating air pollution in Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR). Initiated by the Supreme Court of India in 2016 and enforced starting 2017, GRAP outlines a set of predefined actions based on the severity of air pollution. The plan was developed by the Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority (EPCA) and is now managed by the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM).
GRAP is unique in its tiered approach to tackling pollution, aligning its measures with the Air Quality Index (AQI) levels reported in real-time. It is specifically targeted at addressing sources of pollution during critical periods, ensuring that actions are proportional to the severity of air quality. Since its implementation, GRAP has been a vital mechanism for managing pollution levels, especially during the peak winter months when air quality often plummets to hazardous levels.
Understanding AQI or Air Quality Index
The AQI is a numerical scale used to measure air quality, reflecting the concentration of various pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3).
Good
0-50
Minimal or no health risks
Satisfactory
51-100
Minor discomfort for sensitive groups
Moderate
101-200
Breathing discomfort for vulnerable populations
Poor
201-300
Potential respiratory issues for prolonged exposure
Very Poor
301-400
Severe health implications for long-term exposure
Severe
401-500
Health emergencies for everyone
GRAP Stages and Restrictions
Every GRAP Stage has some restrictions associated with it. Here are some of the restrictions associated with each GRAP Stage:
Stage I: Moderate to Poor (AQI 201–300)
- Dust suppression measures at construction sites
- Promotion of carpooling and public transport
- Ban on waste burning
- Monitoring of industrial emissions
Stage II: Very Poor (AQI 301–400)
- Ban on heavy dust-generating construction
- Suspension of non-clean fuel industries
- Reduced personal vehicle usage
- Shutdown of coal-based power plants
Stage III: Severe (AQI 401–450)
- Complete ban on non-essential construction
- Ban on diesel generators
- Online schooling for primary classes
- Increased public transport frequency
Stage IV: Severe Plus (AQI >450)
- Complete halt on construction projects
- Entry restriction for non-essential trucks
- School closures and remote working
- Odd-even vehicle scheme implementation
Implications and Impact of GRAP
GRAP remains a critical tool in addressing Delhi-NCR's persistent air pollution crisis. The responsibility lies with all stakeholders—governments, industries, and individuals—to collaborate and work towards cleaner air for everyone. Here are some key implications and the impact of GRAP:
- Public Health: Reduced respiratory illnesses during severe episodes
- Economic Impact: Temporary disruptions but emphasis on sustainable practices
- Behavioral Changes: Increased environmental consciousness
Things to do when GRAP status changes!
Whenever the GRAP status changes, it's crucial to take proactive steps to ensure your safety and well-being. Here are some tips to follow:
- Monitor Updates Regularly: Stay informed through official channels
- Adjust Daily Routines: Limit outdoor activities during high pollution
- Follow Guidelines: Adhere to restrictions on activities
- Use Protection: Install air purifiers, wear masks, maintain vehicles